Bring back the joy of shell scripting.

ABS is a programming language that works best when you're scripting on your terminal. It tries to combine the elegance of languages such as Python, or Ruby with the convenience of Bash.

• The ABS programming language @ GitHub.

Elixir is a dynamic, functional language for building scalable and maintainable applications.

Elixir runs on the Erlang VM, known for creating low-latency, distributed, and fault-tolerant systems. These capabilities and Elixir tooling allow developers to be productive in several domains, such as web development, embedded software, machine learning, data pipelines, and multimedia processing, across a wide range of industries.

Related contents:

• How to PURGE a global CDN in Elixir @ Gerhard Lazu's YouTube.
• I'm switching languages again... @ ThePrimeTime's YouTube.

Triton is a language and compiler for parallel programming. It aims to provide a Python-based programming environment for productively writing custom DNN compute kernels capable of running at maximal throughput on modern GPU hardware.

• Triton @ GitHub.

A modern open source language for analyzing, transforming, and modeling data.

Malloy is a modern open source language for describing data relationships and transformations. It is both a semantic modeling language and a query language that uses an existing SQL engine to execute queries. Malloy currently can connect to BigQuery, Snowflake, PostgreSQL, MySQL, Trino, or Presto, and natively supports DuckDB. We've built a Visual Studio Code extension to facilitate building Malloy data models, querying and transforming data, and creating simple visualizations and dashboards.

• Malloy @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Lessons on building an AI data analyst @ Pedro Nascimento.

An industrial-strength functional programming language with an emphasis on expressiveness and safety.

• OCaml @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Sur le choix d'OCaml @ XVW.LOL :fr:.
• Why I chose OCaml as my primary language @ XVW.LOL.

Lhogho is a free version of the programming language Logo and a promoter of its educational philosophy. It is specially designed to be performant, miniature, open-minded and ... artistic.

YAML is a human-friendly data serialization language for all programming languages.

Related contents:

• ohyaml.wtf.
• The yaml document from hell @ Ruud van Asseldonk.

Kotlin is a modern but already mature programming language designed to make developers happier. It's concise, safe, interoperable with Java and other languages, and provides many ways to reuse code between multiple platforms for productive programming.

• 287 - Kotlin Multiplatform - Romain Boisselle - One lib to rule them all @ <ifttd> :fr:.
• The Country That Broke Kotlin @ Sam Cooper's Medium.

Domain-specific language designed to streamline the development of high-performance GPU/CPU/Accelerators kernels

Tile Language (tile-lang) is a concise domain-specific language designed to streamline the development of high-performance GPU/CPU kernels (e.g., GEMM, Dequant GEMM, FlashAttention, LinearAttention). By employing a Pythonic syntax with an underlying compiler infrastructure on top of TVM, tile-lang allows developers to focus on productivity without sacrificing the low-level optimizations necessary for state-of-the-art performance.

• Tile Language @ GitHub.

Build simple, secure, scalable systems with Go

• The Go Programming Language @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Go Optimization Guide.
• Go monk @ GitHub.
• Le Go : décryptage du langage et premiers retours d'expérience @ AXOPEN :fr:.
• Idiomatic Go @ Dmitri Shuralyov.
• Why Go's Error Handling is Awesome @ rauljordan::blog.
• Were multiple return values Go's biggest mistake? @ MOND←TECH MAGAZINE.
• Episode #3: The Go Programming Language from Google @ Changelog Interviews.
• Testing Frameworks and Mini-Languages @ MatttProud.com (Blog).
• A JavaScript Developer's Guide to Go @ Prateek's digital home.
• Why Go is a good fit for agents @ hatchet.
• Modern (Go) application design @ Office Hours.
• Gist of Go: Race conditions @ Anton Zhiyanov.
• Go is 80/20 language @ Krzysztof Kowalczyk.
• Go should be more opinionated @ My name is Elton Minetto.
• The Evolution of Caching Libraries in Go @ Otter.
• What's //go:nosplit for? @ mcyoung.
• A deep dive into deeply recursive Go @ Mattermost.
• How Go 1.24's Swiss Tables saved us hundreds of gigabytes @ Datadog Engineering Blog.
• Go features by version @ Anton Zhiyanov.
• Making Games in Go: 3 Months Without LLMs vs 3 Days With LLMs! @ Mariano Gappa's Blog.
• From Python to Go: Why We Rewrote Our Ingest Pipeline at Telemetry Harbor @ Telemetry Harbor.
• Understanding Go Error Types: Pointer vs. Value @ Fillmore Labs Blog.
• A practical guide to error handling in Go @ Datadog.
• Default Methods in Go @ mcyoung.
• Rust is easy? Go is… hard? @ Bryan Hyland's Medium.
• We tried Go's experimental Green Tea garbage collector and it didn't help performance @ DoltHub.
• Mastering Go’s Network I/O: Build Scalable, High-Performance Apps @ Jones Charles' dev.to.

C# is the modern, open-source, cross-platform object-oriented programming language for the .NET developer platform with free tools for Linux, macOS, and Windows.C# is a modern, innovative, open-source, cross-platform object-oriented programming language and one of the top 5 programming languages on GitHub.

• Why C#? @ Tech World With Milan Newsletter.

Zig is a general-purpose programming language and toolchain for maintaining robust, optimal and reusable software.

• Zig @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Zig guide.
• Episode #635: The 1000x faster financial database @ Changelog Interviews.
• Things Zig comptime Won’t Do @ matklad.
• Zig’s Lovely Syntax @ matklad.
• Reserve First @ matklad.
• Why I am learning Zig in 2025 @ Melkey's YouTube.

BAML is an expressive language for structured text generation. BAML is a domain-specific language to write and test LLM functions.

In BAML, prompts are treated like functions. An LLM function is a prompt template with some defined input variables, and a specific output type like a class, enum, union, optional string, etc.

With BAML you can write and test a complex LLM function in 1/10 of the time it takes to setup a python LLM testing environment.

• BAML @ GitHub.

A language empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software.

Rust is blazingly fast and memory-efficient: with no runtime or garbage collector, it can power performance-critical services, run on embedded devices, and easily integrate with other languages.

Related contents:

• Pitfalls of Safe Rust @ corrode.
• Does using Rust really make your software safer? @ tweede golf.
• Matt Godbolt sold me on Rust (by showing me C++) @ Collabora.
• Rust Dependencies Scare Me @ Vincents.dev.
• Why doesn't Rust care more about compiler performance? @ Kobzol's blog.
• Is Rust faster than C? @ Steve Klabnik.
• "Why is the Rust compiler so slow?" @ sharnoff.io.
• On Error Handling in Rust @ Felix' Blog.
• Tree Borrows @ ETHzürich.
• The borrowchecker is what I like the least about Rust @ viralinstruction.
• Rust running on every GPU @ Rust GPU.
• Stages of Learning Rust @ bigboxSWE's YouTube.
• Writing a Rust GPU kernel driver: a brief introduction on how GPU drivers work @ Collabora.
• Rust, Python, and TypeScript: the new trifecta @ baby steps.
• The unexpected productivity boost of Rust @ Lubeno.
• Why Everyone's Switching to Rust (And Why You Shouldn't) @ ForrestKnight's YouTube.
• Elements of Rust – Core Types and Traits @ RustCurious.com.
• Rust is easy? Go is… hard? @ Bryan Hyland's Medium.
• the core of rust @ the website of jyn.
• Faster Rust builds on Mac @ Nicholas Nethercote.
• No Extra Boxes, Please: When (and When Not) to Wrap Heap Data @ hackintoshrao.
• Let's write a macro in Rust - Part 1 @ hackeryarn.

A functional reactive language for interactive applications

Cedar is a language for defining permissions as policies, and a specification for evaluating those policies. Use Cedar to define who is authorized to do what within your application. Cedar is open source.

• Cedar @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Cedar: A New Approach to Policy Management for Kubernetes @ Cloud Native computing foundation.

TLA+ is a high-level language for modeling programs and systems--especially concurrent and distributed ones. It's based on the idea that the best way to describe things precisely is with simple mathematics. TLA+ and its tools are useful for eliminating fundamental design errors, which are hard to find and expensive to correct in code.

Related contents:

• TLA+ Helps Programmers Squash Bugs Before Coding @ IEEE Spectrum.
• Episode #552 - Thinking outside the box of code @ Changelog Interviews.

Cadence, the resource-oriented smart contract programming language 🏃‍♂️ .

Cadence is a resource-oriented programming language that introduces new features to smart contract programming that help developers ensure that their code is safe, secure, clear, and approachable.

• Cadence @ GitHub. - Better Smart Contract Security With Fine-Grained Permissions in Cadence @ DZone.

Lean enables correct, maintainable, and formally verified code.

Lean is a theorem prover and programming language that enables correct, maintainable, and formally verified code.

• Lean 4 @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• The Math Is Haunted @ overreacted.
• Beyond Booleans @ overreacted.
• Lean for JavaScript Developers @ overreacted.
• Claude Can (Sometimes) Prove It @ galois.

ombined language, editor, and infrastructure to make it easy to build backends and CLIs.

Dark is a new way of building serverless backends. Just code your backend, with no infra, framework or deployment nightmares. Build APIs, CRUD apps, internal tools and bots - whatever your backend needs.

• Darklang @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Darklang Goes Open Source @ Darklang.

Home Assistant Simple Scripting Language

HASSL is a human-friendly domain-specific language (DSL) for building loop-safe, deterministic, and composable automations for Home Assistant.

It compiles lightweight .hassl scripts into fully functional YAML packages that plug directly into Home Assistant, replacing complex automations with a clean, readable syntax.

Gleam is a friendly language for building type-safe systems that scale!

• Gleam @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• 6 years with Gleam @ Peter Saxton.
• My First Impressions of Gleam @ Michael Lynch.

The Programming Language compiled to Bash. Write your scripts in a modern type-safe and runtime-safe programming language that handles many bugs and mistakes during compilation process.

• Amber @ GitHub.

A stack-based array programming language. A tacit array programming language.

Uiua (wee-wuh ) is a general purpose array-oriented programming language with a focus on simplicity, beauty, and tacit code. Uiua lets you write code that is as short as possible while remaining readable, so you can focus on problems rather than ceremony.

• Uiua @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• the core of rust @ the website of jyn.

A popular general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited to web development. Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.

• PHP @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• PHP 8.5 : Les fonctionnalités qui vont vraiment simplifier le développement @ .Loud :fr:.
• PHP’s New URI Extension: An Open Source Success Story @ The PHP Foundation.

Clojure is a robust, practical, and fast programming language with a set of useful features that together form a simple, coherent, and powerful tool.

D2 is a diagram scripting language that turns text to diagrams. It stands for Declarative Diagramming. Declarative, as in, you describe what you want diagrammed, it generates the image.

D2 @ GitHub.

POML (Prompt Orchestration Markup Language) is a novel markup language designed to bring structure, maintainability, and versatility to advanced prompt engineering for Large Language Models (LLMs). It addresses common challenges in prompt development, such as lack of structure, complex data integration, format sensitivity, and inadequate tooling. POML provides a systematic way to organize prompt components, integrate diverse data types seamlessly, and manage presentation variations, empowering developers to create more sophisticated and reliable LLM applications.

• POML (Prompt Orchestration Markup Language) @ GitHub.

The Data-Oriented Language for Sane Software Development.

Odin is a general-purpose programming language with distinct typing, built for high performance, modern systems, and built-in data-oriented data types. The Odin Programming Language, the C alternative for the joy of programming.

• Odin @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Package Managers are Evil @ gingerBill.

A programming language designed to fix Go’s frustrating design choices — without sacrificing its strengths 👾

Gauntlet is a programming language designed to address many of Golang’s shortcomings. It transpiles exclusively to Go code, fully supports all of its features, and integrates seamlessly with its entire ecosystem — without the need for bindings.

• Gauntlet @ GitHub.

Simple, fast, safe, compiled language for developing maintainable software. Compiles itself in <1s with zero library dependencies. Supports automatic C => V translation.

V @ GitHub.

A Kubernetes Query Language.

Cyphernetes is a Cypher-inspired query language for Kubernetes. Cypher is a mixture of ASCII-art, SQL and JSON that lets us express graph operations in an efficient way that is also fun and creative. Cyphernetes extends Cypher with Kubernetes-specific syntax and features. It allows you to query and mutate Kubernetes resources in a natural way, works out-of-the-box with your CRDs, supports multi-cluster queries, and more.

• Cyphernetes @ GitHub.

A query language for your API.

GraphQL is an open‑source query language for APIs and a server‑side runtime. It provides a strongly‑typed schema to define relationships between data, making APIs more flexible and predictable. And it isn’t tied to a specific database or storage engine — it works with your existing code and data, making it easier to evolve APIs over time.

Related contents:

• GraphQL Myths @ Jovi De Croock.

A language for building concurrent software with confidence

Inko makes it easy to build concurrent software, without having to worry about unpredictable performance, unexpected runtime errors, data races, and type errors. Inko features deterministic automatic memory management, move semantics, static typing, type-safe concurrency, efficient error handling, and more.

• Inko @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Three HTTP versions later, forms are still a mess @ Yorick Peterse.

The R Project for Statistical Computing.

R is a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. It compiles and runs on a wide variety of UNIX platforms, Windows and MacOS.

Related contents:

• Episode 608: R With Eric Nantz @ Coder Radio.
• R Weekly Highlights.
• R Podcast.
• If all the world were a monorepo @ Julie's Substack.

Racket is a general-purpose programming language and an ecosystem for language-oriented programming.

Racket is a flexible, multi-paradigm language from the Lisp family, ideal for language-oriented programming. It supports functional, procedural, and object-oriented paradigms, and features a powerful macro system, robust modules, and extensive libraries. Racket is also widely used in education to teach programming concepts and language design.

• Racket @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Ansible is a Lisp @ astrid dot tech.
• Beau­tiful Racket homepage.
• Episode 123 @ Linux Dev Time.

A simple syntax for complex argumentation.

• Listing pros & cons in Argdown is as simple as writing a twitter message. You don't have to learn anything new, except a few simple rules that will feel very natural.

• With these simple rules you will be able to define more complex relations between arguments or dive into the details of their logical premise-conclusion structures.

• Argdown @ GitHub.

Welcome to the open source Citation Style Language (CSL) project! Our goal is to facilitate scholarly publishing by automating the formatting of citations and bibliographies. We develop the Citation Style Language and maintain a crowdsourced repository with over 10,000 free CSL citation styles.

• Schemas describing the Citation Style Language @ GitHub.

Our upgrade path from bash to a better language and runtime.

• Oils @ GitHub.

Portable Computing Language.

PoCL is a portable open source (MIT-licensed) implementation of the OpenCL standard. In addition to being an easily portable/layered multi-device open-source OpenCL implementation, a major goal of this project is improving interoperability of diversity of OpenCL-capable devices by integrating them to a single centrally orchestrated platform. Also one of the key goals is to enhance performance portability of OpenCL programs across device types utilizing runtime and compiler techniques.

• PoCL @ GitHub.

The fastest way to code multiplayer games.

Easel is a 2D game programming language that makes multiplayer as easy as singleplayer. Whether you are a beginner or expert coder, you'll love making games with Easel!

A High-Level Grammar of Interactive Graphics.

Vega-Lite is a high-level grammar of interactive graphics. It provides a concise, declarative JSON syntax to create an expressive range of visualizations for data analysis and presentation.

• Vega-Lite @ GitHub.

A 💌 to the humans maintaining computer configurations.

KSON combines the best aspects of JSON and YAML—robust and efficient like JSON, clean and readable like YAML. KSON is designed to be toolable and has a flexible syntax that is usually auto-formatted to look like this:

• KSON: Kson Structured Object Notation @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Configuration files are user interfaces @ Adolfo Ochagavía.
• Abstraction, not syntax @ Ruud van Asseldonk.

🪐 Markdown with superpowers.

Quarkdown is a modern Markdown-based typetting system, designed around the key concept of versatility, by seamlessly compiling a project into a print-ready book or an interactive presentation. All through an incredibly powerful Turing-complete extension of Markdown, ensuring your ideas flow automatically into paper.

• Quarkdown @ GitHub.

Djot is a light markup syntax. It derives most of its features from commonmark, but it fixes a few things that make commonmark's syntax complex and difficult to parse efficiently. It is also much fuller-featured than commonmark, with support for definition lists, footnotes, tables, several new kinds of inline formatting (insert, delete, highlight, superscript, subscript), math, smart punctuation, attributes that can be applied to any element, and generic containers for block-level, inline-level, and raw content. The project began as an attempt to implement some of the ideas I suggested in Beyond Markdown.

• Djot @ GitHub.

Haskell lends itself well to concurrent programming due to its explicit handling of effects. Its flagship compiler, GHC, comes with a high-performance parallel garbage collector and light-weight concurrency library containing a number of useful concurrency primitives and abstractions.

Related contents:

• Functional Programming & Haskell @ Computerphile's YouTube.
• Episode 123 @ Linux Dev Time.
• Death💀 to type classes @ Jappie.

HUML is a simple, strict, serialization language for documents, datasets, and configuration. It prioritizes strict form for human-readability. It looks like YAML, but tries to avoid its complexity, ambiguity, and pitfalls.

• HUML @ GitHub.

GNU's programming and extension language.

Guile is designed to help programmers create flexible applications that can be extended by users or other programmers with plug-ins, modules, or scripts.

Powerful CPU+GPU Programming. Mojo is a pythonic language for blazing-fast CPU+GPU execution without CUDA. Optionally use it with MAX for insanely fast AI inference.

• Modular Platform @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Python can run Mojo now @ koaning.io.

Common Lisp is the modern, multi-paradigm, high-performance, compiled, ANSI-standardized, most prominent (along with Scheme) descendant of the long-running family of Lisp programming languages.

Common Lisp is known for being extremely flexible, having excellent support for object oriented programming, and fast prototyping capabilities. It also sports an extremely powerful macro system that allows you to tailor the language to your application, and a flexible run-time environment that allows modification and debugging of running applications (excellent for server-side development and long-running critical software). It is a multi-paradigm programming language that allows you to choose the approach and paradigm according to your application domain.

Related contents:

• Common Lisp ces deux dernières années: un monstre de l'évolution parmi nous @ LinuxFr.org :fr:.

The place to collaborate on an open-source implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition, and related projects.

• OpenJDK @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• A deep dive into Java garbage collectors @ Datadog's The Monitor.

Programming Protocol-independent Packet Processors (P4) is a domain-specific language for network devices, specifying how data plane devices (switches, NICs, routers, filters, etc.) process packets.

TypeScript is JavaScript with syntax for types. TypeScript is a strongly typed programming language that builds on JavaScript, giving you better tooling at any scale.

TypeScript is a language for application-scale JavaScript. TypeScript adds optional types to JavaScript that support tools for large-scale JavaScript applications for any browser, for any host, on any OS. TypeScript compiles to readable, standards-based JavaScript.

• TypeScript @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Hyper-Typing @ Paolo Scanferla.
• Identify and Fix Code Smells in TypeScript @ Engroso's dev.to.
• Satisfies in TypeScript @ Frontend Masters Blog.
• The Temporal Dead Zone, or why the TypeScript codebase is littered with var statements @ Vincent Rolfs.

C3 is an evolution, not a revolution: the C-like for programmers who like C.

C3 is a programming language that builds on the syntax and semantics of the C language, with the goal of evolving it while still retaining familiarity for C programmers.

Thanks to full ABI compatibility with C, it's possible to mix C and C3 in the same project with no effort. As a demonstration, vkQuake was compiled with a small portion of the code converted to C3 and compiled with the c3c compiler.

• C3 Language @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• 2025-05-29 # Learning C3 @ alloc.dev.
• Forget Borrow Checkers: C3 Solved Memory Lifetimes With Scopes @ The C3 Blog.

Pharo is a pure object-oriented programming language and a powerful environment, focused on simplicity and immediate feedback (think IDE and OS rolled into one).

A data templating language for app and tool developers.

• Generate config data

• Side-effect free

• Organize, simplify, unify

• Manage sprawling config

• Jsonnet @ GitHub.

Related contents:

• Abstraction, not syntax @ Ruud van Asseldonk.

A TypeScript superset that favors more types and less typing.

A Programming Language for the New Millenium. Code More with Less in a TypeScript Superset.

Civet is a programming language that compiles to TypeScript or JavaScript, so you can use existing tooling (including VSCode type checking, hints, completion, etc.) while enabling concise and powerful syntax. It starts with 99% JS/TS compatibility, making it easy to transition existing code bases. Then it adds many features and syntactic sugar, with some highlights below and more comprehensive examples in the reference.

• Civet @ GitHub.

Reason lets you write simple, fast and quality type safe code while leveraging both the JavaScript & OCaml ecosystems.

Reason @ GitHub.

Fast development platform for business apps.

4D is an incredibly productive development platform that lets you focus on your data model and your business rules. The 4D framework takes care of running your application code natively on macOS and Windows.

Related contents:

• #330.src - Souveraineté numérique: Sortir de l'ombre des GAFAM avec Damien Lecan @ <ifttd> :fr:.

A lightweight, lightning-fast, type-safe embeddable language for real-time applications.